The invisible half of the aviation problem
Contrails cause more global warming than all the CO₂ from flights combined. The solution is surprisingly simple – it’s just not being implemented.
Understand the problem See the solution
The problem
We all know those white streaks in the sky.
When airplanes fly through cold, humid air, contrails form. Sounds harmless. But about 2% of these trails spread into artificial cirrus clouds. These clouds let sunlight through—but trap heat radiation. The effect: they warm our planet.
- Two-thirds of aviation’s climate impact doesn’t come from CO₂ but from non-CO₂ effects – mainly contrails.
- Contrails account for about 2% of total human-caused global warming – more than all aviation CO₂ emissions combined.
The solution
Surprisingly simple. Frustratingly obvious.
Only a small number of flights create the majority of warming contrails. And the solution isn’t rocket science.
- Using weather data and satellite imagery, it’s possible to precisely predict where contrails will form. Google Research and contrails.org are already working on this.
- Only about 2% of flights would need to fly roughly 600 meters higher or lower. That’s a routine altitude adjustment in commercial aviation.
- This could eliminate up to 80% of contrail-related warming – cutting aviation’s total climate impact by around 40%.
What does it cost? In a single number:
~$1 to $5 per ticket.
By the way: The extra fuel consumption is about 1% – and only for those few flights that need to adjust their route.
An interdisciplinary challenge
There is no single industry that will determine whether aviation can operate without contrails in the near future. Solving this problem requires an interdisciplinary approach.

Flight Planners & Air Traffic Controllers

Climate Scientists

Aviation Policymakers

Aviation Weather Analysts
Our content
We investigated and asked questions. Three videos, one petition, and many hours of research. Here’s the result – clear, honest, and with sources:
🎥 Video · Part 1
Contrails: The underestimated climate problem. Why the white lines in the sky cause more warming than all the jet fuel – and what can be done about it.
Tuesday, 4. Nov 2025
Die verrückt einfache Methode, Flüge halb so klimaschädlich zu machen
Kondensstreifen heizen die Erde stärker auf als du denkst. Dabei könnten Airlines sie sehr einfach umfliegen – für unter 5 Euro pro Ticket. … zum Video
🎥 Video · Part 2
What airlines don’t tell you. We spoke with a flight planner who told us some shocking things. This video reveals what’s really happening behind the scenes.
Thursday, 27. Nov 2025
Kondensstreifen könnten morgen verschwinden – aber Airlines wollen einfach nicht
Flugplaner Raimund Zopp erklärt, warum Kondensstreifen ab morgen verschwinden könnten – und welche Mechanismen in der Industrie das verhindern. … zum Video
🎥 Video · Part 3
The solution is already on the table. Real-world tests are underway – with TUI, American Airlines, and Google Research. Time for our first petition.
Tuesday, 16. Dec 2025
Unsere erste Petition
Wir starten unsere erste Petition. Nicht, weil wir die Lufthansa ärgern wollen. Sondern weil wir glauben, dass hier riesige Chancen verspielt werden. … zum Video
Get involved
The technology exists, the costs are minimal. What’s missing is political will – and public pressure. Airlines like Lufthansa are actively lobbying against EU regulations for contrail avoidance.
With your signature, you’re calling on the EU and the aviation industry to finally implement a simple and effective measure.
✍️ Sign to petitionWe are…
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- Practice-oriented: We test ourselves (e.g. heat pumps) and report honestly
- Community-driven: Over 3 years of content treasure that wouldn’t exist without you
Join the movement
Contrail avoidance is the fastest and most cost-effective measure to drastically reduce the climate impact of aviation. Help spread the word!
1️⃣ Sign the petition
Please take a minute and sign our petition to Lufthansa
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Bookmarks
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Our World in Data: Share of global greenhouse gas emissions
Germany's share of global GHG emissions was 1.25% in 2023 – aviation causes comparatively twice as much. -
Hannah Ritchie: Eliminating contrails from flying could be incredibly cheap
Comprehensive overview of contrails, their climate impact, avoidance strategies, and costs. -
Our World in Data: Global aviation emissions
Aviation accounts for 2.5% of global CO₂ emissions (excluding contrails). -
RFF: Contrails, aviation and climate change
Issue brief from Resources for the Future on contrails and climate change in the aviation sector. -
ScienceDirect: Contrails and global warming
Contrails are responsible for approximately 2% of global warming. -
Nature Communications: Contrail study (2025)
Additional scientific publication on contrails and their climate impact. -
Nature: Previously unrecognized cirrus clouds from contrails
November 2025 study shows 80% of contrails form where nobody expected them. -
Nature: Climate effects of contrail avoidance (2025)
Peer-reviewed study on the climate effects and uncertainty ranges of contrail avoidance. -
DLR: CO₂ emissions per kilogram of kerosene
Approximately 3.15 kg of CO₂ are emitted per kilogram of kerosene. -
DLR: Climate impact of aviation
One third of aviation's climate impact comes from CO₂, two thirds from non-CO₂ effects like contrails. -
Ian McKay on the Solving for Climate podcast
About 2% of contrails form into cirrus clouds, contributing roughly 2% of human-caused climate warming. -
ingenieur.de: 80% of contrails form where nobody expects them
German-language article about the Nature study on unrecognized contrail cirrus clouds. -
Wikipedia: Humidity and temperature
The colder the air, the less water vapor it can carry – the basis for contrail formation. -
Contrails.org: Comparing contrails and CO₂
Explains the different climate effectiveness of CO₂ emissions and contrails. -
DLR: Climate strategy in practice – reducing contrails
Practical tests reveal difficulties in route planning due to weather changes or delays (November 2025). -
Contrails.org (Breakthrough Energy)
Platform by Breakthrough Energy (Gates Foundation) with interactive map and data on contrail avoidance. -
Copenhagen Contrails
Copenhagen-based initiative for contrail research and avoidance. -
American Airlines: Participation in first-of-its-kind contrail avoidance research
American Airlines significantly avoided contrails in commercial operations – but gives no reasons for not continuing. -
TUI video on contrail avoidance
Official TUI video about their efforts to avoid contrails in flight operations. -
Google Project Contrails
Google's research project uses AI and satellite data to predict and avoid contrails. -
LinkedIn: Economic and climate benefits of contrail-smart flight
Analysis of economic and climate benefits of flight routes that account for contrails. -
DLR: Avoidance of persistent contrails successfully demonstrated
2023 DLR study provides first proof that avoiding persistent contrails in real flight operations is possible. -
Contrails.org: Cost of avoidance
Average cost of $1 to avoid warming equivalent to one tonne of CO₂. -
IATA Workshop: Field tests by TUI and Lufthansa with DLR
Presentation of field test results on contrail avoidance at TUI and Lufthansa. -
DLR Magazine 175: Contrail-free in the future
Detailed article on flight route planning processes and challenges in contrail avoidance. -
Contrails.org: Interactive map
Interactive map shows in real time where conditions are favorable or unfavorable for contrails. -
Blue Lines
Organization working on the climate impacts of contrails. -
TUI Livestream from August 22, 2025
Pilot Tony Schweigert confirms the high accuracy of contrail prediction models in real operations. -
Transport & Environment Briefing: Contrails (November 2024)
T&E briefing document with policy demands and scientific background on contrails. -
DLR Project F4ECLIM
DLR research project on climate-compatible aviation. -
EU Implementing Regulation: Obligation to measure non-CO₂ emissions from 2025
From 2025, airlines in the EU must measure and report non-CO₂ emissions. -
Table.Media: Contrails – small course corrections for decarbonization
Analysis of how small course corrections in flights can help decarbonize aviation. -
A4Climate – European consortium against non-CO₂ effects
Large European consortium bringing together science and industry to reduce non-CO₂ effects. -
Transport & Environment: Contrails
Overview page of the NGO Transport & Environment on contrails and aviation. -
DLR Project DIAL: Individual climate-friendly flight routes
Each flight route is to be individually designed for greater climate friendliness. -
DLR Project BECOM: Contrail avoidance with minimal secondary effects
Aims to avoid contrails while minimizing secondary effects. -
Zeit: Reduction of air ticket tax from July 2026
The air ticket tax will be reduced back to pre-May 2024 levels from July 1, 2026. -
Tagesschau: Increase in air ticket tax (January 2024)
The ticket tax increase amounted to about €3 for intra-European flights and about €12 for long-haul flights. -
taz: EU rules for airlines
Report on current and planned EU rules for airlines in the climate context. -
Flightkeys
According to its own claims, the only flight planning software that can already plan routes for contrail avoidance. -
DLR Project D-KULT: Feasibility of eco-efficient flight trajectories (completed)
Completed project demonstrating the feasibility of eco-efficient flight trajectories considering non-CO₂ emissions. -
Heise: Why a few night flights in winter ruin the climate balance
Explains why night flights in winter are especially harmful to the climate due to contrails. -
EU: Airline feedback on planned changes to the ETS
Public statements by airlines (including Lufthansa) on planned EU changes to non-CO₂ emission monitoring. -
ARD Climate Update (Podcast episode on Spotify)
Podcast episode of the ARD Climate Update on the topic of contrails. -
GLOBE: Appleman Chart – Contrail prediction since 1953
The US military has been using contrail forecasts since WWII, as contrails reveal aircraft positions. -
Quarks Science Cops: The Chemtrails Case
Podcast episode that scientifically debunks the chemtrails conspiracy theory. -
Wikipedia: The world's largest airlines
List of the 10 largest airlines by passenger kilometers as the basis for press inquiries. -
Lufthansa Annual Report 2024
Lufthansa's revenue exceeded 40 billion euros in 2024.